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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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& r0 {0 d q- Z) i$ }; f$ T q路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
( m; T( `: m. L I! s) f1 K. h这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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这为什么重要？0 |" `) C" h3 N& _' b# s
现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。9 N1 o8 L: y5 [, S0 i+ t
$ G4 r9 `! m8 U- T8 j6 N2 \零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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- K0 }: a r! f; R8 |- `" k更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。9 s) `% q" o# P8 |2 t
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。# Z$ D4 [2 R# @0 a
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安全、架构和全局
5 h& o8 h0 {/ R2 b! Y X根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。4 D) w7 K" [* E: J" L* d
1 r9 D! }9 `/ z8 |- C5 I" |声明内容如下：
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) e" D3 ]7 o% R5 r! p$ `5 B$ e这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。. D" F6 `+ x) K" \5 c" m* M
0 ?2 U$ p( w4 a3 n- F/ J除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。# H% r- P$ S$ M1 W9 g5 [( I
9 b R* N! J7 Y1 @$ n1 b' g最后想说的话
0 l' g* c+ ]/ H9 ?+ R+ `EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
) M; }; t' u* K1 [- b4 O以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。4 Y0 C8 k" k2 { P5 W {
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技术升级看着挺厉害的，到时候运行节点是不是更省心了 |
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这波升级真香，节点压力小了，验证也更高效了，感觉以后跑全节点轻松不少 |
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+ Z4 o. b& C' u( d$ q0 d' d; m: `$ A; \) N
看来大家转来的东西，来源相同了 |
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