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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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7 A h8 H; s+ k" u) X路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
+ z* S+ `) R# D' ?! h1 l" `这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。8 d) M2 f# C2 q* [/ `
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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这为什么重要？
' j1 O& R$ X5 h7 N& w/ Q现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。2 i7 ~ f; q0 ~, ~6 o
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更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
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. `; J1 E! S$ T$ |- o' _2 E如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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安全、架构和全局
. W6 ]4 Q/ e3 I: @* m$ p3 v8 l根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：5 A# o. @+ P/ F0 t/ D
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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6 G {+ ~" T% R# R' u7 i( d除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。
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5 j. h' a9 X% m, r) {) N$ y最后想说的话- e/ y9 t' O: C* B& D* Q9 {' m& i
EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。/ R3 B5 `- y e
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。
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这玩意儿看着挺玄乎，不过对普通矿工来说，感觉就是验证变快了呗，省事不少 |
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这技术看着是挺厉害，但真落地了，小玩家能省不少事吧 |
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这都是什么事？非常专业的我不懂啊 |
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